Kodi maginito okhazikika ndi chiyani? Kodi zimasiyana bwanji ndi mota wamba yamagetsi?

—Chotero pakubuka funso loti 'permanent magnet motor' amatanthauza chiyani. Kodi zimasiyana bwanji ndi injini wamba?

A maginito okhazikika AC mota(PMM) imatanthauzidwa ngatigalimoto yamagetsiyomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito ya maginito okhazikika kuti ipange mphamvu ya maginito yofunikira kuti igwire ntchito. Mosiyana ndi ma mota wamba, omwe nthawi zambiri amadalira maginito amagetsi oyendetsedwa ndi magetsi akunja kuti apange maginito, PMM imagwiritsa ntchito maginito okhazikika a maginito okhazikika. Kusiyana kwakukulu kumeneku pamapangidwe kumabweretsa zabwino zingapo, makamaka zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino komanso kusunga mphamvu.

Ubwino waukulu wa ma mota a maginito okhazikika ndikuti ali ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso mphamvu zopulumutsa mphamvu. Kusakhalapo kwa chofunikira pakali pano pakupanga maginito kumayimira kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kutayika kwa mphamvu panthawi yogwira ntchito, phindu lomwe limakhala ndi maginito osatha. Kuchita bwino kumeneku kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maginito okhazikika akhale njira yabwino yopangira zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza magalimoto amagetsi ndi makina aku mafakitale.

Mosiyana ndi izi, ma mota wamba (mongaelectric induction ac motors) kudalira kuyenda kwamakono kudzera pa koyilo kuti apange mphamvu ya maginito. Njirayi imayambitsa kutaya mphamvu chifukwa cha kutentha ndi zinthu zina, zomwe zimachepetsanso mphamvu zonse. Choncho tinganene kuti galimoto wamba ingafunike kulowetsamo mphamvu zambiri kuti ikwaniritse mulingo wofanana ndi wokhazikika wa maginito.

Kuphatikiza apo, mapangidwe ophatikizika a ma mota a maginito okhazikika amalola kupanga masinthidwe opepuka komanso ophatikizika kwambiri, omwe amakhala opindulitsa kwambiri pamagwiritsidwe ntchito pomwe malo ndi kulemera ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ma motor maginito okhazikika nthawi zambiri amawonetsa magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa torque komanso nthawi yoyankha mwachangu.

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa injini yokhazikika ya maginito ndi mota wamba ndi njira yomwe imapangira mphamvu ya maginito. Kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa maginito okhazikika kumawapangitsa kukhala chisankho choyenera pamapulogalamu angapo amakono, mosiyana ndi kapangidwe kake ka mota.