Monga gwero lamagetsi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale, mpweya wopanikizika umapanga 10% ~ 35% ya mphamvu yonse yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafakitale. 96% ya mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina opanikizika ndi mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina opanikizika, ndipo mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pachaka mu makina opanikizika ku China ndi yoposa 6% ya mphamvu yonse yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mdziko lonse. Ndalama zogwirira ntchito mu makina opanikizika ndi ndalama zogulira, ndalama zokonzera ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito mphamvu, malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha kuwunika kwa moyo wonse, ndalama zogulira ndi 10% yokha, pomwe ndalama zamagetsi ndi zokwera kufika pa 77%. Izi zikusonyeza kuti China ikufunika kukonza mwamphamvu momwe makina opanikizika amagwiritsidwira ntchito mphamvu pamene ikusintha mafakitale ndi zachuma.
Popeza kuti makampani akumvetsa bwino kufunika kwa kusunga mpweya wopanikizika ndi mphamvu komanso kuchepetsa utsi, ndikofunikira kusankha ukadaulo woyenera wa makina omwe alipo kuti asinthe mphamvu kuti asunge mphamvu, womwe wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zosunga mphamvu. M'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, kafukufuku wokhudza makampani opanga mafakitale aku China wasonyeza kuti kufunika kokonzanso mphamvu kuti asunge mphamvu kumachokera ku zinthu zitatu izi:
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya air compressor kunali kwakukulu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe makampani amagwiritsa ntchito; kusakhazikika kwa mpweya wopanikizika, kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, ndi zina zomwe zimakhudza ntchito yanthawi zonse ya zida; ndi kukula kwa kuchuluka kwa kupanga, bizinesi ya makina oyambira opanikizika kuti ikwaniritse kusinthaku kuti igwirizane ndi kukula kwa kufunikira. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a makina opanikizika a mpweya komanso ukadaulo wogwiritsira ntchito wosunga mphamvu ndi wosiyana, kuti pakhale kusintha kwabwino, kusintha kosunga mphamvu sikungachitike mwachisawawa. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kusankha njira zoyenera zosungira mphamvu kutengera kusanthula kwathunthu, kuyesa, ndi kuwunika kwa makina onse. Olembawo asanthula ndi kufufuza makhalidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wina womwe ulipo komanso womwe ukubwera wosunga mphamvu pofufuza momwe mpweya wopanikizika umagwiritsidwira ntchito m'mabizinesi ambiri amafakitale.
Njira Yosungira Mphamvu Padongosolo
Kutengera chiphunzitso cha kuwunika momwe mphamvu imagwiritsidwira ntchito ndi kusanthula kutayika kwa mphamvu, kuyambira mbali zosiyanasiyana za kapangidwe ka dongosolo, njira zonse zosungira mphamvu zimatengedwa motere:
Kupanga mpweya wopanikizika. Kukonza bwino ndi kusamalira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma compressor, kukonza bwino momwe ntchito ikuyendera, kuyang'anira zipangizo zoyeretsera mpweya tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuyendetsa mpweya wopanikizika. Kukonza bwino makonzedwe a netiweki ya mapaipi, kulekanitsa mapaipi operekera mpweya wothamanga kwambiri ndi wotsika; kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni momwe mpweya umagawidwira, kuyang'anira tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuchepetsa kutuluka kwa mpweya, kukonza kutayika kwa mpweya pa malo olumikizirana. Kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wopanikizika. Kukonza kayendedwe ka silinda, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosungira mphamvu zomwe zapangidwira makampani awa, monga ma valve apadera osungira mpweya a ma shelling cylinders mumakampani opanga aluminiyamu amagetsi, komanso mfuti za mpweya ndi ma nozzles osunga mphamvu. Kubwezeretsa kutentha komwe kumatayika pa compressor. Kutentha komwe kumachitika panthawi yoponderezedwa kwa mpweya kumabwezeretsedwanso pogwiritsa ntchito kusinthana kwa kutentha, ndi zina zotero, ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito potenthetsera ndi kutentha kwa njira zina, ndi zina zotero.
Kupanga mpweya wopanikizika
1 Chokometsera mpweya chimodzi chopulumutsa mphamvu
Pakadali pano, ma compressor a mpweya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani amagawidwa makamaka m'magulu obwerezabwereza, ozungulira ndi ozungulira. Mtundu wobwerezabwereza umagwiritsidwabe ntchito kwambiri m'mabizinesi ena akale; mtundu wa centrifugal umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabizinesi opanga nsalu omwe amagwira ntchito bwino komanso ogwira ntchito bwino, koma nthawi zambiri umawonjezeka pamene kuthamanga kwa makina kumasintha mwadzidzidzi. Njira zazikulu zosungira mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi izi: kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wochokera kunja ndi woyera, makamaka makampani opanga nsalu akuchita bwino kusefa kosalala, kuti asefe ulusi wambiri waufupi mumlengalenga. Chepetsani kutentha kwa mpweya wolowera wa compressor kuti muwongolere magwiridwe antchito. Kuthamanga kwa mafuta opaka mafuta pa kugwedezeka kwa rotor ya centrifuge kumakhudza kwambiri, kusankha mafuta opaka mafuta okhala ndi zinthu zoletsa thovu ndi zokhazikika za okosijeni. Samalani ubwino wa madzi ozizira, kutulutsa bwino madzi ozizira, kubwezeretsanso madzi komwe kukukonzekera. Malo otulutsira mpweya wa compressor, chowumitsira, thanki yosungiramo ndi netiweki ya mapaipi ayenera kutulutsidwa nthawi zonse. Pofuna kupewa kugwedezeka kwa mpweya chifukwa cha kusintha kwachangu kwa kufunika kwa mpweya, ndi zina zotero, samalani kusintha bandeji yolingana ndi nthawi yofunikira yomwe yakhazikitsidwa ndi chipangizocho, ndipo yesetsani kupewa kuchepetsa mwadzidzidzi kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya. Sankhani ma centrifuge a magawo atatu omwe ali ndi mphamvu yopulumutsa mphamvu, ndipo yesani kugwiritsa ntchito ma mota amphamvu kuti muchepetse kutayika kwa mzere ndikusunga kutentha kwa siteshoni ya mpweya kukhala kotsika.
Kompresa mpweya wopindika imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo cholinga chake ndi kuyerekeza njira yoyendetsera kompresa mpweya wopindika: kuwunika momwe makina opopera mpweya amagwirira ntchito komanso mavuto okhazikika okhudza kupanikizika, zomwe zingatheke: kudalira njira zamakanika zowongolera valavu yolowera, mpweya sungathe kusinthidwa mwachangu komanso mosalekeza. Pamene kuchuluka kwa mpweya kukusintha nthawi zonse, kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumasinthasintha kwambiri. Kuwongolera pafupipafupi koyera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti kugwirizane ndi kusinthasintha kwa momwe mpweya umagwiritsidwira ntchito m'fakitale powonjezera chosinthira pafupipafupi kuti chisinthe kupanga mpweya wa kompresa mpweya. Choyipa chake ndichakuti makinawa ndi oyenera chifukwa chakuti kusinthasintha kwa momwe mpweya umagwiritsidwira ntchito m'fakitale sikwakukulu (kusinthasintha ndi 40% ~ 70% ya kuchuluka kwa mpweya wopangidwa ndi makina amodzi ndipo mphamvu yosunga mphamvu ndiyo yofunika kwambiri).
Makina owongolera akatswiri a Air compressor group 2
Dongosolo lowongolera akatswiri a gulu la compressor lakhala ukadaulo watsopano wowongolera gulu la compressor la air compressor komanso kusunga mphamvu. Dongosolo lowongolera malinga ndi kusintha kwa kufunikira kwa kuthamanga, Admiral control ya ma compressor osiyanasiyana a air akuyamba ndikuyimitsa, kukweza ndi kutsitsa, ndi zina zotero, kuti dongosololi likhalebe ndi chiwerengero choyenera komanso mphamvu yoyenera ya compressor ikugwira ntchito.
Dongosolo lowongolera kunyumba kudzera mu ulamuliro wa chosinthira ma frequency kuti lisinthe liwiro la compressor imodzi ya mpweya mu fakitale yopereka mpweya wotsika mphamvu kuti liwongolere nthawi yopangira mpweya wa compressor, kufananiza ndi makina operekera mpweya otsika mphamvu mufakitale ndi kusinthasintha pang'ono kwa kuchuluka kwa mpweya. Nthawi zambiri sankhani kusintha kwa ma frequency a compressor ya mpweya, muyenera kukhala ndi dongosolo laukadaulo kuti muchite mayeso athunthu ndi kuwerengera kuti musankhe. Kudzera mu kusanthula ndi kufananiza pamwambapa, mutha kupeza: kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa makina athu ambiri a mpweya wopanikizika kuli ndi malo ambiri oti muwongolere. Kusintha kwa ma frequency a compressor kumatha kungopulumutsa mphamvu pokhapokha mutaphatikiza ndi magwiridwe antchito a makina a mpweya wopanikizika a bizinesiyo, omwe amafunika kuyesedwa mokwanira ndikuwunika ndi akatswiri asanagwiritse ntchito. Dongosolo lowongolera akatswiri a gulu la compressor ya mpweya ndi loyenera makamaka ma compressor ambiri a mpweya omwe akuyenda nthawi imodzi, kukhazikitsa makonzedwe ophatikizana, kumatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za mabizinesi.
Kukonza njira zitatu zowumitsira mpweya wopanikizika
Pakadali pano, zida zowumitsa ndi kukonza mpweya wopanikizika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabizinesi ndi mtundu wa firiji, mtundu wopanda kubwezeretsanso kutentha ndi mtundu wophatikizana wobwezeretsanso kutentha pang'ono, kufananiza kwakukulu kwa magwiridwe antchito kukuwonetsedwa patebulo pansipa.
Kusintha kwa chitetezo chopulumutsa mphamvu kutsatira mfundo izi: Ngati dongosolo loyambirira la mpweya ndi loyera kwambiri, sinthani ku chithandizo chofanana chotsika. Konzani njira yowumitsa, chepetsani kutayika kwa mphamvu ya ulalo wowumitsa (kutayika kwa mphamvu pa chowumitsira cha machitidwe ena mpaka 0.05 ~ 0.1MPa), chepetsani kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
Kutumiza mpweya wopanikizika
Makina opopera a mapaipi a dongosolo limodzi la mapaipi a yajiang sayenera kupitirira 1.5% ya kuthamanga kwa ntchito. Pakadali pano, malo ambiri opopera mpweya alibe mapaipi oyambira ndi achiwiri, zigongono ndi ma bend ambiri osafunikira, kuthamanga kwa mpweya pafupipafupi, komanso kutayika kwakukulu kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya. Mapaipi ena a pneumatic amakwiriridwa mu ngalande ndipo sangathe kuyang'aniridwa kuti awone ngati akutayikira. Kuti atsimikizire kuti kufunikira kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya kukuchulukirachulukira, ogwira ntchito yoyang'anira ntchito amawonjezera kuthamanga kwa mpweya wa dongosolo lonse ndi 0.1 ~ 0.2MPa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuthamanga kwa mpweya kutayike. Pakuwonjezeka kulikonse kwa 0.1MPa kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya wa compressor, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa compressor ya mpweya kudzawonjezeka ndi 7% ~ 10%. Nthawi yomweyo, kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumawonjezera kutuluka kwa mpweya. Njira zosungira mphamvu: kusintha mapaipi a nthambi kukhala dongosolo lozungulira, kukhazikitsa kulekanitsa mpweya wamagetsi ndi wotsika, ndikuyika chipangizo cholondola cha kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi wotsika; Sinthani payipi ndi kukana kwakukulu kwapafupi panthawi yokonzanso yosunga mphamvu, chepetsani kukana kwa payipi, ndikuyeretsa khoma lamkati la payipi potsuka ndi asidi, kuchotsa dzimbiri, ndi zina zotero, kuti muwonetsetse kuti khoma la payipiyo ndi losalala.
2 Kutaya madzi, kuzindikira kutayikira madzi ndi kutseka
Kutayikira kwakukulu kwa madzi m'fakitale ndi kwakukulu, kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amatayikira kumafika 20% ~ 35%, komwe kumachitika makamaka m'ma valve, malo olumikizirana, ma triplets, ma solenoid valves, ma threaded connections ndi chivundikiro chakutsogolo cha silinda ya chipangizo chilichonse chogwiritsa ntchito gasi; zida zina zimagwira ntchito mopanikizika kwambiri, zimatsitsa zokha, ndipo zimatuluka utsi pafupipafupi. Kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa madzi kumakhala kopitilira muyeso wa anthu ambiri. Monga malo owetera magetsi a magalimoto omwe amathira slag mu chitoliro cha gasi chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi dzenje laling'ono la 1mm m'mimba mwake, kutayika kwa magetsi pachaka mpaka 355kWh, pafupifupi kofanana ndi magetsi apakhomo a mabanja awiri a anthu atatu pachaka. Njira zosungira mphamvu: Ikani njira yoyezera kuyenda kwa mpweya wa payipi yoperekera gasi ya malo opangira magetsi akuluakulu kuti mudziwe malire a momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Sinthani kugwiritsa ntchito gasi, chepetsani kuchuluka kwa ma valve ndi malo olumikizirana, ndikuchepetsa malo otayikira. Limbitsani kayendetsedwe ka magetsi ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zaukadaulo kuti muwunikenso nthawi zonse. Mwachidule, mabizinesi angagwiritse ntchito zida zina zoyesera akatswiri monga chowunikira mpweya wozungulira, mfuti yowunikira malo otayikira, ndi zina zotero, kuti achitepo kanthu kuti mpweya wopanikizika usagwire ntchito, usawonongeke, usadonthe komanso usatuluke, motero achite ntchito yokonza ndi kusintha zigawo zake.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wopanikizika
Mfuti za mpweya zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga njira zomaliza, makina ndi malo ena opangira zinthu, ndipo mpweya womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito umafika 50% ya mpweya wonse womwe umapezeka m'mafakitale ena. Pakugwiritsa ntchito, pali zinthu monga mapaipi a mpweya ataliatali kwambiri, kuthamanga kwambiri kwa mpweya, kugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro cha mkuwa cholunjika ngati nozzle komanso kuwonjezeka kosaloledwa kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi ogwira ntchito kutsogolo, zomwe zimayambitsa kutaya mpweya kwambiri.
Chochitika chosamveka bwino chogwiritsa ntchito mpweya mu zida zoyendera mpweya chimaonekeranso kwambiri, monga kudziwa ngati chogwirira ntchitocho chatsekedwa m'malo mwa kuzindikira kupanikizika kwa mpweya kumbuyo, kupereka mpweya wa jenereta ya vacuum, ndi zina zotero. Chochitika cha kupereka mpweya mosalekeza chimapezeka makamaka m'matanki a mankhwala ndi mpweya wina womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito posakaniza, komanso popanga matayala, monga kukwera kwa mitengo kwa magalimoto. Njira zosungira mphamvu: Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zatsopano zosungira mphamvu za mpweya wa pneumatic ndi mfuti zamtundu wa pulse. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zoyendera mpweya m'mafakitale enaake, monga mafakitale a aluminiyamu kuti alimbikitse kugwiritsa ntchito silinda yoponyera mpweya valavu yapadera yosungira mpweya.
Kubwezeretsa kutentha kwa mpweya wozizira wa compressor
Malinga ndi kuwunika kwa moyo wonse, 80% ~ 90% ya mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma compressor a mpweya zimasanduka kutentha ndikuzimitsidwa. Kugawidwa kwa kutentha kwamagetsi komwe kumagwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi compressor ya mpweya kwawonetsedwa pachithunzi chili pansipa, kupatula kutentha komwe kumatulutsidwa ku chilengedwe ndikusungidwa mumlengalenga wopanikizika, 94% yotsalayo ya mphamvuyo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira yobwezeretsera kutentha kotayika.
Kubwezeretsa kutentha kwa zinyalala kumachitika kudzera mu chosinthira kutentha ndi njira zina zoyenera zobwezeretsanso kutentha kwa mpweya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha mpweya kapena madzi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri monga kutentha kowonjezera, kutentha kwa process ndi kutenthetsa madzi a boiler. Ndi kusintha koyenera, 50% mpaka 90% ya mphamvu ya kutentha ikhoza kubwezeretsedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuyika zida zobwezeretsa kutentha kumatha kuwongolera bwino kutentha kwa compressor ya mpweya pa kutentha koyenera kogwirira ntchito, kuti mafuta opaka mafuta akhale bwino, ndipo kuchuluka kwa utsi wa compressor ya mpweya kuwonjezere ndi 2% ~ 6%. Pa compressor ya mpweya yozizira, mutha kuyimitsa fan yoziziritsira ya compressor ya mpweya yokha ndikugwiritsa ntchito pampu yamadzi yozungulira kuti mubwezeretse kutentha; compressor ya mpweya yozizira ndi madzi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kutentha madzi ozizira kapena kutentha kwa malo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuchira ndi 50% ~ 60%. Kubwezeretsa kutentha kwa zinyalala poyerekeza ndi zida zotenthetsera zamagetsi pafupifupi palibe kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu; poyerekeza ndi zida zamafuta, ndi njira yoyera komanso yochezeka yosungira mphamvu. Kutengera chiphunzitso cha kusanthula kutaya mphamvu kwa dongosolo la mpweya wopanikizika, zochitika zomwe zilipo zakugwiritsa ntchito mpweya komanso njira zosungira mphamvu za bizinesi zimasanthulidwa ndikufotokozedwa mwachidule. Mu kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka mphamvu m'mabizinesi, njira yoyamba yoyesera ndi kuwunika mwatsatanetsatane machitidwe osiyanasiyana, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera zokwaniritsira zolinga zosungira mphamvu, ingathandize kukonza magwiridwe antchito a makina onse oponderezedwa a mpweya.
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-02-2024