Ponena za kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka mota, kusankha ma rolling bearings ndi plain bearings ndi chisankho chofunikira chomwe chingakhudze kwambiri magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito a mota. Mitundu yonse iwiri ya ma bearings ili ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa zake, ndipo kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwawo ndikofunikira kwambiri popanga chisankho chodziwikiratu. M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza makhalidwe a ma rolling bearings ndi plain bearings, komanso zabwino ndi zoyipa zawo pakugwiritsa ntchito mota.
Maberiya ozungulira, omwe amatchedwanso maberiya otsutsana ndi kuphwanyika, amapangidwira kuchepetsa kuphwanyika kozungulira ndikuthandizira katundu wa radial ndi axial. Amapangidwa ndi zinthu zozungulira monga mipira kapena ma rollers, omwe amaikidwa mkati mwa mphete zamkati ndi zakunja. Zinthu zozungulira zimazungulira pakati pa mphete zamkati ndi zakunja kuti zichepetse kuphwanyika ndikupangitsa kuti zizungulire bwino. Kumbali inayi, maberiya ozungulira, omwe amatchedwanso ma beriya ozungulira, amagwira ntchito motsatira mfundo ya kuphwanyika kotsetsereka. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chikwama chachitsulo ndi shaft yokhala ndi zinthu zopaka mafuta pakati pawo kuti achepetse kuphwanyika ndi kuwonongeka.
Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ma rolling bearings ndi ma plain bearings ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito. Ma rolling bearings amapangidwa kuti azizungulira pakati pa mphete zamkati ndi zakunja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikangana pang'ono komanso aziwonongeka pang'ono poyerekeza ndi ma plain bearings. Kuzungulira kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti liwiro likhale lalikulu komanso kulondola kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito injini. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ma plain bearings amadalira kuyenda kotsetsereka pakati pa shaft ndi malo onyamula katundu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikangana kwambiri komanso kutentha kukhale kwakukulu.
Ubwino wa ma berearing ozungulira mu ma mota:
1. Kukangana Kochepa: Poyerekeza ndi ma bearing otsetsereka, ma rolling bearing ali ndi kukangana kochepa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kugwira ntchito bwino komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa mu injini.
2. Kutha kuthamanga kwambiri: Kugubuduzika kwa zinthu zonyamula katundu kumathandiza kuthamanga kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabearing ogubuduzika akhale abwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito injini zothamanga kwambiri.
3. Kulondola ndi Kulondola: Ma bearing ozungulira amapereka kuzungulira kolondola, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale abwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito komwe kumafuna kulekerera kolimba komanso kugwedezeka kochepa.
4. Nthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito: Ma rolling bearing nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito kuposa ma sliding bearing chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kukangana ndi kuwonongeka, motero amachepetsa zofunikira pakukonza.
Zoyipa za ma bereji ozungulira mu injini:
1. Kuvuta: Poyerekeza ndi ma bearing otsetsereka, ma bearing ozungulira ndi ovuta kwambiri pakupanga ndi kumanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri zopangira komanso njira zovuta zoyikira.
2. Zitha kuipitsidwa: Zinthu zozungulira zomwe zili mu ma bearing ozungulira zimakhala zosavuta kuipitsidwa ndi fumbi, zinyalala ndi chinyezi, zomwe zingakhudze magwiridwe antchito awo komanso nthawi yawo yogwirira ntchito.
Ubwino wa ma sliding bearing mu ma mota:
1. Kulemera kwambiri: Poyerekeza ndi mabearing ozungulira, mabearing otsetsereka amatha kupirira katundu wokwera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa injini zolemera.
2. Kuchepetsa kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka: Ma bearing otsetsereka amatha kuchepetsa kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka, zomwe zimathandiza pa ntchito zomwe mota imayang'aniridwa ndi mphamvu zamagetsi.
3. Kapangidwe kosavuta: Kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka ma bearing otsetsereka ndi kosavuta, zomwe zimachepetsa ndalama zopangira komanso zimapangitsa kuti njira zoyikira ndi kukonza zikhale zosavuta.
Zoyipa za ma bere otsetsereka mu ma mota:
1. Kukangana Kwambiri: Ma bearing otsetsereka amagwira ntchito motsatira mfundo ya kukangana kotsetsereka. Poyerekeza ndi ma bearing ozungulira, amapanga kukangana kwakukulu ndi kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yochepa komanso kuti mphamvu zigwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri.
2. Kutha kwa liwiro lochepa: Ma bearing otsetsereka si oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu kwambiri ndipo amatha kuwonongeka kwambiri chifukwa cha kuyenda kotsetsereka pakati pa shaft ndi malo otengera.
Mwachidule, kusankha ma bearing ozungulira ndi otsetsereka mumota zamagetsiZimadalira zofunikira zenizeni za ntchitoyo, kuphatikizapo mphamvu yonyamula katundu, liwiro, kulondola ndi kuganizira zosamalira. Ma roll bearing amapereka kupsinjika kochepa, mphamvu yothamanga kwambiri, komanso kulondola kwambiri, pomwe ma plain bearing ndi abwino kwambiri pakukweza katundu, kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka, komanso kusavuta kupanga. Mwa kuwunika mosamala zabwino ndi zoyipa za mtundu uliwonse wa ma bearing, opanga magalimoto ndi mainjiniya amatha kupanga zisankho zodziwa bwino kuti akonze bwino magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito a makina awo a magalimoto.
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-15-2024